Ramulu, D. Siddi
Challenges of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) in Indian Cities - Vol.18(2), Apri-June - New Delhi Institute of Town Planners 2021 - 37-55p.
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is an urban development paradigm that seeks to
promote sustainability, livability and equity. Considering its relevance for sustainable urban
development, promotion of mass transit systems and generating the much needed non-
fare box revenues through value capture mechanisms, TOD is advocated in National Urban
Transport Policy (2014), National TOD Policy (2017) and Metro Policy (2017). In the Indian
context, TOD is going to play critical role and will shape the future of urban development.
However, the progress on TOD projects, so far, has been slow due to manifold challenges.
These challenges are multi-dimensional such as legacy urban development issues, policy
and regulations, involvement of multiple agencies for planning and development of urban
infrastructure, institutional weakness, land acquisition issues, deficient financing and lack
of strong political will and commitment. This paper discusses various challenges of TOD in
Indian cities and suggests the solutions and way forward.
URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN (AR-UPD)
Challenges of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) in Indian Cities - Vol.18(2), Apri-June - New Delhi Institute of Town Planners 2021 - 37-55p.
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is an urban development paradigm that seeks to
promote sustainability, livability and equity. Considering its relevance for sustainable urban
development, promotion of mass transit systems and generating the much needed non-
fare box revenues through value capture mechanisms, TOD is advocated in National Urban
Transport Policy (2014), National TOD Policy (2017) and Metro Policy (2017). In the Indian
context, TOD is going to play critical role and will shape the future of urban development.
However, the progress on TOD projects, so far, has been slow due to manifold challenges.
These challenges are multi-dimensional such as legacy urban development issues, policy
and regulations, involvement of multiple agencies for planning and development of urban
infrastructure, institutional weakness, land acquisition issues, deficient financing and lack
of strong political will and commitment. This paper discusses various challenges of TOD in
Indian cities and suggests the solutions and way forward.
URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN (AR-UPD)