SAEMRAM, N.
Efficiency Evaluation and Usages of Thunbergia alata, Thunbergia erecta and their Combination - Vol.83(3), May-June - Mumbai Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 2021 - 494-503p.
Thunbergia alataand Thunbergia erecta have been mostly used for ornamentation but have interesting other
uses. However, toxicity and phytochemical studies of these plants are lacking. Therefore, phytochemicals of
the two species were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity
were tested via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and comet assays in normal
human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Then, the extracts of the two species and their combination
were applied to peripheral blood mononuclear cells poisoned with rice whisky and bathroom cleaner
as toxic models in everyday life. The results showed that the major phytochemicals were 12.36 % and
24.90 % phytol in ethanol extracts of Thunbergia alata and Thunbergia erecta and 46.29 % and 43.47
% oleamide in hexane extracts of Thunbergia alata and Thunbergia erecta, respectively. Half-maximal
inhibitory concentration values, which indicate toxicity in cells, were not detected for either species, but at
the deoxyribonucleic acid level, the extracts induced significant deoxyribonucleic acid damage, shown by
high Olive Tail Moment values in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p<0.05). Biological activity of the
extracts revealed by higher cell viability percentages and lower Olive Tail Moment values in the treatments
(poisoned peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with plant extracts) than the controls (poisoned
peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Taking all the results together, Thunbergia alata and Thunbergia
erecta extracts and their combination can be applied for many benefits in humans following properties that
have been previously used and their phytochemicals but have limitations of doses
PHARMACEUTICS
Efficiency Evaluation and Usages of Thunbergia alata, Thunbergia erecta and their Combination - Vol.83(3), May-June - Mumbai Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 2021 - 494-503p.
Thunbergia alataand Thunbergia erecta have been mostly used for ornamentation but have interesting other
uses. However, toxicity and phytochemical studies of these plants are lacking. Therefore, phytochemicals of
the two species were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity
were tested via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and comet assays in normal
human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Then, the extracts of the two species and their combination
were applied to peripheral blood mononuclear cells poisoned with rice whisky and bathroom cleaner
as toxic models in everyday life. The results showed that the major phytochemicals were 12.36 % and
24.90 % phytol in ethanol extracts of Thunbergia alata and Thunbergia erecta and 46.29 % and 43.47
% oleamide in hexane extracts of Thunbergia alata and Thunbergia erecta, respectively. Half-maximal
inhibitory concentration values, which indicate toxicity in cells, were not detected for either species, but at
the deoxyribonucleic acid level, the extracts induced significant deoxyribonucleic acid damage, shown by
high Olive Tail Moment values in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p<0.05). Biological activity of the
extracts revealed by higher cell viability percentages and lower Olive Tail Moment values in the treatments
(poisoned peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with plant extracts) than the controls (poisoned
peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Taking all the results together, Thunbergia alata and Thunbergia
erecta extracts and their combination can be applied for many benefits in humans following properties that
have been previously used and their phytochemicals but have limitations of doses
PHARMACEUTICS