Cadmium chloride and silver nitrate affect the gene expression, stevioside and rebaudioside a production in stevia rebaudiana (bert.)
- Vol.83(4), July-Aug
- Mumbai Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 2021
- 663-670p.
Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) produces steviol glycoside sweeteners that are sweeter than sucrose. Stevioside and rebaudioside A are important steviol glycosides used in food production. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of cadmium chloride (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/l) and silver nitrate (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/l) and different sampling times on stevioside and rebaudioside A production and Ent-kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase, uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 74G1 and uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 76G1 genes expression in in vitro conditions. The results showed that the application of cadmium nitrate and silver nitrate decreased stevioside and rebaudioside A production. Among various concentrations of cadmium chloride, the highest concentrations of stevioside and rebaudioside A were respectively 39.76 mg/g and 2.27 mg/l dry weight 96 and 72 h after elicitation with 20 mg/l cadmium chloride. Among different concentrations of silver nitrate, the highest amounts of stevioside and rebaudioside A were respectively 33.33 mg/g dry weight was 2.19 mg/l obtained at control condition after 96 h and elicitation with 60 mg/l for 24 h. In elicitation with cadmium chloride the expression all three genes were increased but silver nitrate elicitation increased uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 76G1 gene expression and decreased the Ent-kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase and uridine diphosphate- glycosyltransferase 74G1 genes expression. The correlation analysis showed that Ent-kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase gene expression was not correlated with uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 74G1 and uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 76G1 genes expression, while uridine diphosphate- glycosyltransferase 74G1 was inversely correlated with uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 76G1. Also, positive correlations were observed between uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 74G1 gene expression with stevioside synthesis and uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase 76G1 gene expression with rebaudioside A.