000			a
999			_c18545 _d18545
003			OSt
005			20221231142225.0
008			221231b xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aAIKTC-KRRC _cAIKTC-KRRC
100			_919514 _aMohd Saqib
245			_aConstitutive model for cyclic loading response of crushable sand
250			_aVol.52(6), Dec
260			_aUSA _bSpringer _c2022
300			_a1253-1266p.
520			_aGrain crushing significantly impacts the engineering behavior of crushable sand primarily found in coastal and offshore locations. In the present study, such sand’s breakage characteristics under cyclic loading are addressed by enhancing a well-known sand anisotropic model (SANISAND). The novel features of the current work are to account for the evolution of the critical state line into the constitutive formulation and capture the fabric-related process induced by cyclic loading. With the main focus on undrained loading conditions, in the first part, the predictive ability of the upgraded SANISAND08 model is investigated against experimental results from the literature on beach sand commonly found in Japan. The results from the numerical simulation and experimental data from the literature show that the model can capture the effect of breakage with an error of 5%. Finally, a parametric study is presented to evaluate the particle breakage effects on the liquefaction phenomenon, such as those induced by earthquake events in an offshore region. The predicted response indicates that soil liquefaction resistance reduces with the increasing particle crushing. It is shown that a 30% reduction in the number of cycles to reach liquefaction with 55% breakage.
650		0	_94621 _aCivil Engineering
700			_915244 _aPatra, Nihar Ranjan
773	0		_tIndian geotechnical journal _dSwitzerland Springer _x 0971-9555
856			_uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40098-022-00630-2 _yClick here
942			_2ddc _cAR