The never-ending demands of advanced materials in the various fields of engineering and
manufacturing has significantly increased the development of composite materials. Nowadays a shift is
observed from the monolithic materials towards the composite materials. Numbers of ceramic materials
are being used to reinforce various grades of aluminium alloy matrices. Metal matrix composites are
exhibiting high potential characteristics as aerospace, automobile, defence, and research industries'
materials. The properties of aluminium based composites can be easily tailored to achieve the desired
strength, hardness, etc. This paper reviews the morphological and microstructural properties of
aluminium reinforced with a refractory material i.e. MgO at Nano and micro levels. The input
parameters governing the morphology and microstructure were weight and volume fraction of
reinforcement and the sintering temperature along with the fabrication technique. The study of
morphology included the porous nature of composite and the density measurements with hardness
(Brinell Hardness Tester). A detailed review revealed the MgO as reinforcement in a various grades of
aluminium is a promising material with a little consideration of its agglomeration and rigid nature
during the fabrication process. It can be easily overruled by controlling the sintering temperature at the
time of fabrication. Therefore, it can effectively and efficiently be used as a reinforcement with all heat
treatable and non- heat treatable aluminium alloys.