Batchu, Uma Rajeswari
EXPLORATION OF MICROORGANISMS AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS: AN UPDATED REVIEW - Vol.10(12) - M P Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd 2018 - 1-4p.
Nowadays the prevalence of hyperuricemia has signif
icantly increased in which serum uric acid levels a
re exceeding the normal range. Gout is the
predominant clinical implication of the hyperuricem
ia, but many clinical investigations have confirmed
that hyperuricemia is an independent risk
factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertensi
on, diabetes, and many other diseases. The xanthine
oxidase (XO) converts hypoxanthine to
xanthine and ultimately to uric acid, and the irrev
ersibly accumulated uric acid causes hyperuricemia
associated with gout. Hence specific and
selective xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI) are pot
entially powerful tools for inactivating target XO
in the pathogenic process of hyperuricemia
(Gout). The objective of the current study was to o
verview the various XOI isolated from the microorga
nisms. Microorganisms have been employed
for several decades for the large-scale production
of a variety of bio-chemicals ranging from alcohol
to antibiotics and as well as enzyme inhibitors.
Currently available XOI (allopurinol and febuxostat
) for the treatment of gout have been exhibiting se
rious side effects. Thus, there is a need to
search for new molecules to treat hyperuricemia and
its associated disorders. At present, microbes hav
e been unexplored in the development of
successful products for the management of XO-relate
d diseases. Hence, the present review focused on nov
el XOI produced from various microbial
species such as Actinobacteria, lichens, bacteria,
endophytic fungi and mushrooms, which can be expect
ed to play an important role in the ongoing
transition from the empirical screening to the real
rational drug design.
PHARMACEUTICS
EXPLORATION OF MICROORGANISMS AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS: AN UPDATED REVIEW - Vol.10(12) - M P Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd 2018 - 1-4p.
Nowadays the prevalence of hyperuricemia has signif
icantly increased in which serum uric acid levels a
re exceeding the normal range. Gout is the
predominant clinical implication of the hyperuricem
ia, but many clinical investigations have confirmed
that hyperuricemia is an independent risk
factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertensi
on, diabetes, and many other diseases. The xanthine
oxidase (XO) converts hypoxanthine to
xanthine and ultimately to uric acid, and the irrev
ersibly accumulated uric acid causes hyperuricemia
associated with gout. Hence specific and
selective xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI) are pot
entially powerful tools for inactivating target XO
in the pathogenic process of hyperuricemia
(Gout). The objective of the current study was to o
verview the various XOI isolated from the microorga
nisms. Microorganisms have been employed
for several decades for the large-scale production
of a variety of bio-chemicals ranging from alcohol
to antibiotics and as well as enzyme inhibitors.
Currently available XOI (allopurinol and febuxostat
) for the treatment of gout have been exhibiting se
rious side effects. Thus, there is a need to
search for new molecules to treat hyperuricemia and
its associated disorders. At present, microbes hav
e been unexplored in the development of
successful products for the management of XO-relate
d diseases. Hence, the present review focused on nov
el XOI produced from various microbial
species such as Actinobacteria, lichens, bacteria,
endophytic fungi and mushrooms, which can be expect
ed to play an important role in the ongoing
transition from the empirical screening to the real
rational drug design.
PHARMACEUTICS