Amino acids from urine as possible biomarkers for early detection of vancomycin nephrotoxicity
By: Nanaware, Harshal R
.
Contributor(s): Moorkoth, Sudheer.
Publisher: Karnataka Association of Pharmaceutical Teachers of India (APTI) 2022Edition: Vol.56(3), Jul-Sep.Description: 795-803p.Subject(s): PHARMACEUTICSOnline resources: Click here
In:
Indian journal of pharmaceutical education and researchSummary: Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is an important therapeutic concern, as many endogenous
compounds are filtered through the kidneys for excretion into urine. Vancomycin is a
drug of last resort used to treat multiple drug-resistant infections, and is primarily used in
paediatrics to treat infections caused by gram-positive organisms resistant to beta-lactam
antibiotics. Vancomycin is primarily (80–90%) excreted through the kidney. To identify
biochemical markers useful for the early diagnosis of nephrotoxicity, amino acid profiling
was performed in young Wistar rats treated with vancomycin. A liquid chromatography-
mass spectrometry-based method was developed for targeted amino acid analysis from
urine samples collected after dosing with vancomycin (300 mg/kg). Alterations in amino
acids levels were observed in urine immediately after the first dosing, and increased
in prominence during the course of treatment. Nephrotoxicity was confirmed using
established methods such as histopathological evaluation and clinical chemistry analysis.
Of note, a significant change in amino acid levels in urine was observed well before any
noticeable increase in traditional markers. This suggests that quantification of amino
acids from urine could be a good alternative to blood-based analysis in neonates and
children as a strategy for the detection of kidney injury at an earlier stage than any
existing methods.
| Item type | Current location | Call number | Status | Date due | Barcode | Item holds |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Articles Abstract Database
|
School of Pharmacy Archieval Section | Not for loan | 2022-1390 |
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is an important therapeutic concern, as many endogenous
compounds are filtered through the kidneys for excretion into urine. Vancomycin is a
drug of last resort used to treat multiple drug-resistant infections, and is primarily used in
paediatrics to treat infections caused by gram-positive organisms resistant to beta-lactam
antibiotics. Vancomycin is primarily (80–90%) excreted through the kidney. To identify
biochemical markers useful for the early diagnosis of nephrotoxicity, amino acid profiling
was performed in young Wistar rats treated with vancomycin. A liquid chromatography-
mass spectrometry-based method was developed for targeted amino acid analysis from
urine samples collected after dosing with vancomycin (300 mg/kg). Alterations in amino
acids levels were observed in urine immediately after the first dosing, and increased
in prominence during the course of treatment. Nephrotoxicity was confirmed using
established methods such as histopathological evaluation and clinical chemistry analysis.
Of note, a significant change in amino acid levels in urine was observed well before any
noticeable increase in traditional markers. This suggests that quantification of amino
acids from urine could be a good alternative to blood-based analysis in neonates and
children as a strategy for the detection of kidney injury at an earlier stage than any
existing methods.
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